Ceboreal dermatitis: symptoms and treatment

Seborrheic dermatitis is an inflammation of the skin and hairy part.
head, which is the result of the defeat of the fungus malassezia
furfur. When seborrheic dermatitis affects only those areas of the skin
on which the sebaceous glands are located. The disease is
very common, it is found in every fifth inhabitant
the planets. In people who are immunocompromised,
for example, AIDS, seborrheic dermatitis occurs in 90%
cases. Most often, the pathology is localized on the skin of the face, hairy
parts of the head and torso. This pathology can occur even in
newborns, but most often it develops in young people and
middle-aged people, with men suffering from seborrhea more often
women.

Content

• Causes of development
• Symptoms and types of seborrheic dermatitis
• Diagnostics
• Treatment
• Treatment of folk remedies
• Disease prevention

Causes of development

As mentioned above, the cause of seborrheic dermatitis
lies in the fungal infection of the skin. But there are also a number
indirect causes that can provoke this pathology. After all
Malassezia spp. has a parasite on our skin all its life,
feeding on the secretion product of the sebaceous glands, but causing us
inconvenience they start only when, for their excessive
activation there are appropriate conditions.

Thus, factors that can cause activation
fungal flora are:

• genetic predisposition;
• imbalance of female and male hormones;
• hypercortisolism (SyntromItsenko-Cushing);
• disruption of the thyroid gland;
• dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system;
• adrenal dysfunction;
• immunodeficiency states;
• stress and psycho-emotional states;
• taking certain medications;
• disorder in the digestive tract;
• chronic foci of infection in the body.

Symptoms and types of seborrheic dermatitis

The main symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis are:

• redness and irritation of the skin;
• peeling of the skin;
• scale formation;
• skin rashes;
• acne;
• partial alopecia (hair loss).

Seborrheic dermatitis of the face, scalp and
torso.

Seborrheic dermatitis of the skin is most common. This
The form of dermatitis affects the skin of the face of young people and teenagers in
puberty. So how exactly during this period begins
activate the hormonal system that provokes
excessive sebum production. And on the face, as you know,
most sebaceous glands are located. Seborrheic dermatitis on the face
develops symmetrically, unlike dermatitis on the hairy part
heads.

The disease begins with the appearance of red spots on the face,
which are then covered with yellowish plaques. After some
time plaques begin to peel off and cause itching. Besides they
have a tendency to grow and merge. In this case, it is possible
the transformation of plaques into papules, which are often infected.
Merging, plaques form conglomerates of impressive size,
covering large areas of the face.

Seborrheic dermatitis can go on forever. In this case
seborrheic blepharitis develops: eyelids swell, redden on them
cracks appear. On the edge of the eyelashes scales are formed that
causes discomfort of both medical and aesthetic
character

Seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp manifests abundant
dandruff Dandruff is cornified epidermal cells.
and microorganisms that develop and live in it. At the initial
stage appears fine dry dandruff, which causes irritation
scalp. Then the scales thicken and form crusts, which
cover most of the scalp. Affiliate bacterial
infection provokes pustules. With lesions
scalp foci are diffuse, and not
symmetrically. Sebum firmly “sticks together” crusts to the base
hair, and when the crusts fall off, then along with the hair. By this
the reason for seborrheic dermatitis of the head, the hair begins to quickly
thin out and fall out.

Seborrheic dermatitis of the trunk develops on the upper chest.
and in the interscapular region. The appearance of scales provokes the development
plaques that cover whole anatomical areas. Plaques
cause not only aesthetic discomfort in a patient,
but also painful sensations, as well as unbearable itching.

There are several types of seborrheic dermatitis, which
distinguished by signs and course of the disease:

• seborrheic eczematid;
• perinasal erythema;
• spotted seborrheic dermatitis.

Seborrheic eczematid appears minor
inflammation and peeling on the face and hairy part
heads.

Perinasal erythema is a mild form of seborrheic
eczematid.

Spotted seborrheic dermatitis – long-lasting chronic form
dermatitis with periods of exacerbations and remissions.

Diagnostics

When making a diagnosis, differential diagnosis is necessary.
seborrheic dermatitis with the following diseases:

• ringworm;
• skin mycosis;
• psoriasis;
• eczematid;
• atopic dermatitis.

To do this, conduct microscopic examination of scales on
subject to detection of pathogenic fungi. In severe cases
perform a biopsy. It is also necessary to conduct a survey in related
specialists: gastroenterologist, endocrinologist, neuropathologist,
an immunologist.

Treatment

Currently there are no effective drugs
able to normalize the sebaceous glands. Therefore treatment
symptomatic is performed. Thus, the treatment of seborrheic
dermatitis is carried out comprehensively in several directions:

• local therapy;
• general therapy;
• fortifying therapy;
• physiotherapy.

With topical treatment, the affected skin is applied
antifungal antiseptics: zinc ointment, tar
ointment, tea tree oil.

General therapy involves the ingestion of antifungal
drugs: ketoconazole, nizoral, dermazole, mycozol.

Restorative therapy includes taking vitamins and
mineral complexes rich in zinc, selenium and vitamins A, B,
C, PP, as well as the intake of immunomodulators and diet.

With the defeat of the scalp using special
antifungal shampoos, balms and serums. Shampoos that
contain both ketoconazole and zinc pyrithione, capable of
eliminate symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis for a long time. Also nice
shampoos “Head and shoulders”, “Friederm zinc” and  
Frederm tar.

In severe, advanced cases, treatment is resorted to.
combined hormone, antifungal and
antihistamine drugs.

For skin lesions, first of all use drugs
that help relieve irritation. For this use
professional hypoallergenic cosmetics company La Roche-Posay,
Selvert Thermal, VICHY.  For cleansing the skin use special
gels, emulsions and mild milks, which include
substances with anti-inflammatory, antifungal and
antiseptic action (zinc selenium, salicylic acid, oil
tea tree). Do not use lotions, tonics and gels,
The composition of which includes alcohol. This will provoke more
redness and irritation of the skin.

Very effective in treating seborrheic dermatitis facial ointment with
zinc, prepared in pharmacies, and ointments containing pyrithione
zinc, as well as creams of industrial production “Zindol” and
“Elidel”.

Physiotherapeutic methods are also included in the complex.
treatment of seborrheic dermatitis. Usually used:

• UV irradiation;
• darsonval;
• laser therapy;
• galvanotherapy

Treatment of folk remedies

Before you begin treatment with alternative methods,
you must consult with a dermatologist. Since even
treatment of folk remedies is carried out under the supervision of the attending
a doctor.

Treatment with folk methods is sometimes very effective.
There are many recipes for outdoor and indoor use,
which greatly facilitate the patient’s condition and improve the external
skin look. To do this, use the following herbs and decoctions.

Decoction Hypericum relieves irritation and inflammation of the skin.
Preparing a decoction as follows: 1 tbsp. spoon of dry herb Hypericum
pour a glass of boiling water. The mixture is infused, then received
Wash your tea twice a day.

Broth oak bark is a good prevention, warning
the appearance of inflammation on the face, and effectively relieves itching.
Preparing a decoction in the following way: 20 g of dry grass is poured 200
ml of boiled water, kept in a water bath for 30 minutes. Then
filter the mixture and wash the affected areas
skin.

You can prepare an oil solution that effectively eliminates
symptoms of oily seborrheic dermatitis of the skin of the face. For this take 1
a teaspoon of castor oil and 10 teaspoons of alcohol
solution of calendula tincture. The ingredients are well mixed, and
then rub the mixture into the skin twice a day. The same
The prescription can be used to treat dry seborrheic dermatitis.
Only in this case, the ingredients are mixed in different proportions.

Broth birch buds are used for making baths, so
and for washing the affected skin. Also decoction of birch
kidneys rinse the scalp. To cook the decoction
take a few pieces of birch buds (about 5-6 pieces), pour
a glass of water and leave on fire for 15 minutes.

The tincture of walnut shell is prepared as follows:
take unripe nuts, extract the contents of them, and the shell
grind in a coffee grinder. Then pour 100 g of ground shells
liter of vodka or medical alcohol, cover and store in
dark cool place for two weeks. The finished tincture is rubbed into
scalp.

Mask of garlic and young nettle is used to treat
partial alopecia that develops as a result of seborrheic
dermatitis. Garlic is ground into mush, add the same
the amount of shredded nettle leaves, mix well and
applied to areas of baldness. The mask is left for 20 minutes, then
wash off with a decoction of chamomile or warm water.

A decoction of sage soothes the skin, eliminates dryness and reduces
itchiness To prepare the broth, grind a tablespoon of dry or
fresh plant, pour 250 ml of boiling water, add 30 grams
natural honey. Then all the ingredients are mixed and
filter. The resulting mixture is used to wipe the affected
plots.

A decoction of chamomile, calendula and plantain heals and
dries the affected skin with seborrheic dermatitis. To
take the broth chamomile flowers 30 g, calendula flowers, too 30
g, the leaves of plantain 30 g and 250 ml of water. This broth
impregnate the bandage and apply to the affected skin.
The procedure is repeated several times. After drying the bandage
moistened again and again applied to the affected areas.

A decoction of elecampane, burdock and St. John’s wort reduces skin irritation,
relieves peeling and itching. The broth is prepared as follows: dry
elecampane root and dry burdock root are taken in equal parts, in two
tablespoons and one tablespoon of dried flowers and leaves
Hypericum The mass is poured 2 cups of water and placed in a water
bath for 15 minutes.

Tincture with aloe and olive oil is prepared from the following
ingredients: take one teaspoon of olive oil, one
a tablespoon of aloe juice, two teaspoons of tincture
calendula, five grams of beeswax, five drops of essential
geranium oil, one gram of Vietnamese star balm, 100 ml
water and a pinch of citric acid. On the water bath melt
star balm and beeswax. Then add olive
geranium oil and essential oil. The mixture should be on fire, but
it can not be brought to a boil. Removing the mixture from the heat should be added to
her calendula tincture, aloe juice, citric acid and water. Then by
as the mixture cools, it is vigorously stirred and whipped to
obtain a homogeneous mass. The resulting mixture should be applied to
hair for half an hour. To the healing properties of the ingredients revealed
completely, you should follow the step-by-step recipe and accurate
amount of ingredients.

Disease prevention

Prevention of seborrheic dermatitis is a series of
activities aimed at eliminating factors that can
provoke a disease. Therefore, there are a number of rules that
should adhere to:

• observe personal hygiene standards;
• keep skin healthy;
• follow a hypoallergenic diet;
• lead a healthy lifestyle;
• to exercise moderately;
• to carry out hardening of the body;
• timely rehabilitate chronic foci of infection
  in the body.