Pyoderma is a purulent skin lesion caused by pyogenic
agents – staphylococci, streptococci and pyococci. Title
the disease comes from Greek words (pýon – pus and dérma
– leather). Pyoderma is a group of diseases that includes
purulent inflammatory skin lesions. About one third of all
dermatological diseases make up the various pyodermas.
Pyoderma can be primary and secondary. Primary Pyoderma
happens when healthy skin is infected, and secondary is
complicated form of the disease. In the case of primary pyoderma skin
covers are quickly regenerated. With a complicated form of the disease
takes a chronic protracted nature: in the inflammatory process
deep skin layers are involved. After the disease on the skin remain
scars, scars and age spots.
Content
- Causes of disease
- Symptoms and types of pyoderma
- Diagnosis of the disease
- Pyoderma treatment
- Prevention of pyoderma
Contents
Causes of disease
In the pathogenesis of the disease, systemic
endogenous diseases: blood diseases, metabolic
diseases, obesity, neuropathy and liver pathology. Also
exogenous factors play a significant role in the development of pyoderma:
skin contamination, skin myctrotrauma, treatment by some
pharmacological groups.
The main cause of pyoderma is the lack of protective
body functions, in other words, reduced immunity. On the skin
healthy person constantly present a lot
microorganisms, some of them are natural
microflora. But while reducing the protective properties of the body is quite
friendly microorganisms become too active, turning into
pathogenic agents causing pyogenic skin diseases.
There are some factors that can trigger the development
diseases:
- reduction of body defenses:
- lack of personal hygiene;
- injuries of the skin;
- psycho-emotional disorders;
- overheating or overcooling of the body;
- the presence of systemic and metabolic disorders (diabetes mellitus,
pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract, dysfunction
hematopoiesis, avitaminosis or hypovitaminosis, obesity
exhaustion) - hormonal changes;
- oily skin prone to producing excess skin
sala; - taking corticosteroids.
Symptoms and types of pyoderma
Depending on the severity and depth of the pyoderma lesion
classified as follows:
- superficial;
- deep.
Superficial pyoderma is manifested by staphyloderma (contagious
staphylococcal disease):
- sycosis of the skin (chronic inflammation of the hair
follicles); - ostiofolliculitis (inflammation of the upper part of the hair
follicle or sebaceous gland caused by staphylococcal
infection); - streptoderma (a type of pyoderma caused by
streptococci); - mixed pyoderma in the form of impetigo vulgaris
(a kind of pyoderma).
Deep staphyloderma manifested by the following diseases:
- folliculitis (infectious inflammation of the hair
follicle); - hydradenitis (purulent disease of sweat glands);
- furunculesamicarbunculosis;
- vulgar ecthyma (ulcerative lesion of the skin).
Diagnosis of the disease
The disease is diagnosed by visual, clinical,
immunological and laboratory methods.
Visual methods determine the areas of skin lesions.
Clinical studies include: urinalysis,
biochemical blood test, blood test for syphilis.
Laboratory tests consist of microbiological
study of pus from lesions with a definition
sensitivity of pathological agents to antibiotics.
Immunological studies are to determine
populations of lymphocytes and serum agents IgA, IgM, IgG.
In some cases, consultation is necessary related
specialists.
Pyoderma treatment
The affected skin is treated with alcohol.
disinfectants, salicylic acid and solution
potassium permanganate. Wash hands thoroughly and wipe clean.
healthy skin with a wet sponge to avoid spreading
infections. However, the affected skin in no way
should contact with water.
If the disease is severe, prolonged, or exists
comorbidities that weaken and deplete the patient,
appropriate use of drug treatment
antibiotics. Good effect gives treatment combined
antibacterial drugs and cephalosporins (drugs
possessing greater resistance to
microorganisms) since these drugs have a wide range
actions and allow to eliminate the resistance of pathological
agents to certain types of antibiotics.
Dosage and treatment time set individually
for each patient, based on the severity of the disease. Lately
virtually no penicillin antibiotics are prescribed due to their
low efficiency. Sulfanilamide is also not effective.
drugs, but in the case of intolerance to antibiotics, the patient
prescribe Biseptol or sulfomonomethoksin in the right dosages.
To stimulate non-specific immunity spend
autohemotransfusion, ultraviolet blood irradiation (UFOC),
blood plasma transfusion (plasma therapy), prescribed drug
methyluracil, eleutherococcus extract, lemongrass tincture. Good
therapeutic effect gives a combined treatment of antibiotics in
combination with immunomodulators (thymalin, taktivin, interferon,
gamma globulin), as well as local treatment of the affected areas
skin.
It is necessary to observe the correct mode of the day, balanced
meals with lots of fruits and vegetables, reception
of vitamins.
Prevention of pyoderma
Disease prevention is hygiene,
in the rehabilitation of chronic foci of infection in the body, in
timely disinfection of wounds and microtraumas on the skin and in more
careful care of it (especially in case of sugar
diabetes), as in diabetes mellitus, any small wound can
cause serious pyogenic lesions.
