Red moles on the body or angiomas – blood hyperplasia
vessels, having a benign character and forming in
the result of their excessive germination. Multiple sprawl
are called hemangiomas. As a rule, red birthmarks on the body
appear in childhood. However, they also happen
acquired and often observed in adults.
Content
- What is a red mole
- Why do red birthmarks appear?
- Hemangioma localization
- Types of red moles
- Angiome features
- Diagnosis and treatment of red moles
Contents
What is a red mole
Until now, scientists have not been able to determine
are hemangiomas pathology or vascular neoplasm,
have hereditary and innate nature. But with a big
with confidence it can be stated that hemangioma occurs in
as a result of the proliferation of the vascular endothelium (flat cells that are
lining the lymphatic or blood vessels), which suggests
tumor character of the phenomenon. Thus, red birthmarks on
body are considered vascular neoplasms.
Neoplasm of red color in the form of a mole (nevus) is
overgrown vascular tissue because its internal cavity
filled with blood. Conventional nevi are dermatological.
neoplasms, and angioma is an enlarged blood vessel,
which came to the surface of the skin. They can wear single or
multiple character. Sometimes multiple vessels merge,
forming a significant conglomerate of bluish or dark red
shade.
Why do red birthmarks appear?
Small red moles, sometimes the size of a dot, appear
still during fetal development as a result of pathological
disorders of vascular tissue formation, which are
due to improper development of the fetus.
However, the exact causes of the development of angiomas have not yet been established. More often
altogether they are located on the face, since it is here that
many vascular branches.
Red nevi in children
When organs form in a fetus, all its cells need
oxygen and nutrition. So, it is penetrated by multiple vessels,
which pass along the chain of pericytic cells (vascular). AT
the result of some violations of fetal tissue
feel a lack of oxygen. In this case, pericytic cells
instantly react to oxygen deficiency and try to eliminate it.
They are beginning to actively form new sources of blood supply,
which fix the problem. In some cases, by incomprehensible
reasons, this process becomes uncontrollable, and specific
proteins are reproduced in large quantities even when
hypoxia has already been eliminated. So, vascular tissue continues
grow, forming angioma.
Thus, education indicates a violation of the process.
vascular tissue growth. In order to know exactly how it is
happens you need to follow up on how the intrauterine passes
fetal development. Currently, there are only studies
derived from aborted material or
stillborn babies.
Very often, congenital nevi in newborns disappear to
five years old.
They are not dangerous if:
- do not disturb, do not hurt and do not itch;
- do not increase in size by 3 times or more;
- not localized on the face, nose, above and below the eyes, and on the genital
organs.
Angiomas can grow excessively in the first months of life.
baby Therefore, in these cases, they are removed. After all, growing nevus
damages and destroys neighboring tissues, contributing to the appearance of
only cosmetic defect, but also functional. In this case
impossible the normal operation of the body, because it squeezes it
overgrown tissue.
Red nevi in adults
The emergence of angiomas in adults occurs as a result of disruptions in
the work of the hormonal system. This is most often observed in
the period of pregnancy, lactation or menopause, as well as the result
taking hormonal drugs and pathologies of the endocrine system.
The emergence and growth of angioma causes radiation, ultraviolet
radiation, chemical agents and various viral infections.
Vitamin C deficiency can also trigger development.
vascular tumors.
The presence of multiple hemangiomas may indicate
diseases of internal organs, but their localization does not indicate
about the problem in this particular area where their large
congestion.
If small vessels are permanently damaged, it may cause
to the formation of this neoplasm.
It should be noted that hemangiomas do not occur in adults.
age as primary neoplasms. They only occur in
the result of proliferation of vascular endothelium. In children, the treatment of such
educations spend up to school age. Therefore, if they
are observed on the body of an adult, they are just in time
not cured or they are located on the internal organs. The most
the vertebral body is a dangerous site for hemangioma localization.
Growing it can weaken its structure, which leads to
development of fractures.
Hemangioma localization
Red neoplasms can be seen on the baby’s body right away.
after his birth. Most birthmarks are observed in girls,
they make up almost 50% of all soft tissue neoplasms,
diagnosed in childhood.
They can be located around the perimeter of the skin, but the most
often localized in the upper torso. They can also
observed on the internal organs: liver, brain, lungs
and bones.
They may have:
- simple education;
- cavernous;
- mixed type.
As a rule, simple nevi are located on the skin surface.
cover. Under the skin are cavernous angiomas.
Combined angiomas are located on the skin and under it. Mixed
neoplasms contain, in addition to vascular tissue, nervous or
connective tissue.
Types of red moles
They can be:
- cavernous;
- capillary;
- simple;
- mixed
- combined;
- congenital;
- acquired.
Cavernous hemangiomas
Formed from cavities of different shapes and sizes. They consist of
cellular endothelium, similar to the capillary endothelium. When
there is a rupture of the cavity, then the nipples of the nevus go out through
appeared clearance. In fact, cavernous hemangioma is localized
completely under the skin. The skin above it is clean and the mole itself
bluish color. The blood vessels that feed it can
show through the skin. Hemangioma can be encapsulated or
without capsule. Without a capsule the borders of a nevus are blurred, have no clear
forms. It also decreases in size if pressed on it. Cutaneous
the cover above the nevus has a higher temperature, and during palpation
You can find the slices of which it is composed.
Capillary
Formed from layers or groups of vessels that are tightly pressed
to each other. The vessels have similarities with epithelial cells, and tight
the located vessels are filled with blood. In some cases, spliced
capillaries form lobules that are separated by specific tissue
– stroma.
Simple
Have the appearance of ordinary red spots that rise above
skin Their sizes may be different, but if you press on the edge
nevus, it will become lighter and smaller. After eliminating the pressure,
its color and size becomes the same.
Mixed
They consist not only of their vascular tissue, but also of nervous,
connective, lymphoid.
Combined
Consist of two parts: subcutaneous and cutaneous tissue. That part
which is localized under the skin is always more than the skin
part.
Congenital moles
These are the ones that result from the intrauterine
development. Sometimes inborn formations are found by chance,
for example, during surgery. They
are in person since birth but were not on time
diagnosed. They are usually noticed immediately after birth, or in
infancy, but not always.
Acquired hemangiomas
Appear in the process of human life. Most often they have
cutaneous location, since complex hemangiomas cannot be
acquired, but only congenital.
Angiome features
Red moles are different from other skin lesions. Their
The features are as follows:
- they progress rapidly after the birth of a child;
- moles grow stronger in premature babies in 2-3
times; - tumors of small size can disappear on their own
the first five years of a child’s life; - only simple forms can stop themselves
nevi or superficial, others need surgical
interference; - it is difficult to predict how a nevus will develop after stopping
growth.
Diagnosis and treatment of red moles
If the tumor is localized on the surface of the skin, then
there is enough external examination and sometimes histological examination.
Angiomas of a different kind need radiography and angiography.
Therapy of tumors depends on their location and type. If they don’t
grow, do not bleed, do not interfere with the work of other organs, the treatment
do not hold. These formations have one significant plus:
malignant reborn they can not.
If hemangiomas are of substantial size, they are localized.
deep under the skin, they should be treated. Depending on the situation
offer conservative or surgical treatment. Sometimes
A combination of these two methods is possible.
Formations of large sizes are eliminated with the help of hormonal
treatment. To do this, prescribe an internal use of prednisone two.
times a day. The course of treatment is 30 days, and the tablets take
in one day.
Also effective is the method of removing the tumor with the help of applications.
carbon dioxide. This is the so-called cryotherapy method. The method is very
effective and gives good results.
Another effective method is laser destruction. Laser
only education itself has a direct impact
damaging the skin around. This method is removed as simple.
superficial as well as deep formations.
The sclerosing method of treatment of hemangiomas is used when
localization near the eyes, on the nose and forehead, nose. So, right in
the tumor is injected with a drug that promotes the death of its tissues. AT
As a result, the angioma dries out with or without scar formation.
him Usually this method is used in the treatment of cavernous forms.
hemangiomas. Surgical treatment is used when
neoplasms are located on closed areas of the body. it
radical excision which may leave a small scar on
tele.
The most optimal method is microwave destruction. Method
allows you to eliminate the combined education, located on
face and open areas of the body. Education is affected by
electromagnetic field, then use the method
cryodestruction. To remove tumors also use
Buki therapy (Buki rays).
If the formation increases in size, bleeds and
located on the neck, near the eyes, ears and head, then remove it
The methods described above are not allowed. To remove it use
embolization procedure. This method interferes with the blood supply.
tissues of the tumor, as a result of which it becomes smaller in size.
Then it is completely removed by the method of cryodestruction.
