Seborrheic dermatitis is a disease that is characterized by
violation of the sebaceous glands. The disease is manifested by thickening
the upper layer of the epidermis, peeling of the skin and hyperemic
lesions. Usually affects those areas of the body where the most
sebaceous glands are developed: nasolabial folds, hairy
part of the head, forehead, upper chest and ear area.
If the scalp is affected, the hair becomes thinner and
thin out. Most often, the pathology develops in adolescents during
puberty in middle-aged men and babies.
Content
- Causes of seborrhea
- Symptoms and types of seborrhea
- Diagnosis of the disease
- Seborrhea treatment
- Prediction and prevention of the disease
Contents
Causes of seborrhea
The basis of the disease are functional neuroendocrine
disorders and autonomic dysfunction (vegetative-vascular dystonia).
The cause of neuroendocrine disorders is imbalance as
female and male sex hormones. In this case,
decrease in estrogen with a significant increase in the level of androgens.
It has been observed that the symptoms of the disease are aggravated by taking
spicy, spicy, salty or sweet foods.
Seborrheic dermatitis may appear anywhere on the body,
where there are sebaceous glands. But seborrhea occurs where they are especially
lot. Most often it is the scalp, face, back, chest.
Almost always seborrhea becomes chronic,
transforming into seborrheic dermatitis. After all, seborrhea is not
disease, unlike seborrheic dermatitis. Seborrhea is
malfunction of the sebaceous glands, and seborrheic dermatitis –
a disease of the skin itself, on which the sebaceous glands are located.
Also, the cause of seborrhea may be genetic
predisposition and metabolic disorders in the body. On this
moment dominant in the development of seborrhea of the hairy part
heads are assigned to the Pityrosporum yeast, which are constantly
inhabit healthy human skin. These fungi all my life
parasitize on the skin, eating the product of the secretion of the sebaceous glands. But in
If the body’s defenses are weakened, it also weakens
protective function of the skin: the growth balance of opportunistic
microflora. As a result, pathogenic microflora begins rapidly.
multiply, is activated and causes seborrhea.
Symptoms and types of seborrhea
The disease is characterized by inflammation of the skin, which
accompanied by itching and peeling. In the process of development of the disease
there is a symmetrical involvement of the scalp, eyebrows,
eyelashes, beard and mustache. That is, if seborrhea appeared from one part
head, then it will certainly appear on the opposite
to the side. According to the clinical symptoms of seborrhea is the following
species:
- dry;
- fatty;
- mixed
This form of seborrhea does not cause changes and inflammation of the skin.
covers and is characterized by increased dryness. On the hair part
heads rejection of white bran-like scales is noticed. These
scales are nothing but dandruff. Dandruff includes
cornified cells of the stratum corneum and microorganisms. In fact
Dandruff is a nourishing environment in which live and develop
microorganisms. When dry seborrhea skin is prone to irritation, it
reacts to the smallest mechanical effects. If a
patients do not observe personal hygiene and rarely wash their heads, then the disease
progresses, affecting new areas of healthy skin. Dry form
seborrhea can cause the development of seborrheic dermatitis and even
seborrheic eczema, if not promptly start its treatment. But in
In general, symptoms of seborrhea in dry seborrhea are mild.
Oily seborrhea is more severe, as
skin inflamed. Oily form of seborrhea is manifested
red spots, plaques on the scalp that
covered with scales. In severe cases in the affected areas
bloody crusts are formed. Patients experience intense itching and
permanent discomfort. If not adequate
treatment, then lesions may appear on smooth skin
back, chest, face, and in some cases complications
bacterial character.
Mixed form combines the symptoms of both dry and oily
seborrhea. At the same time, on the affected areas, symptoms of dry
seborrhea around the edges, and in the center – the symptoms of oily seborrhea.
Seborrhea on smooth skin is characterized by oily sheen and
dilated channels of the sebaceous glands. Skin on chest and shoulders when
seborrhea is also covered with white scales. Also the case with
hair: they are dull, covered with abundant dandruff, very greasy like
as if smeared with fat. If you remove the fat swab dipped in alcohol
or cologne, then after a while the hair will become
fatty.
Diagnosis of the disease
Diagnosis of the disease is not difficult
how are characteristic features and specific
manifestations. Diagnose the pathology of the clinical picture.
Diagnosis is carried out by both a dermatologist and a dermatologist-trichologist.
(dermatologist who specializes in the treatment of hair and skin
heads). To identify the causes of seborrhea, it is necessary
explore the work of the hormonal system, get tested
neuropathologist, to exclude pathologies from the gastrointestinal
tract and immunodeficiency states.
Seborrhea treatment
Treatment of seborrhea depends on the cause, form of its development and course.
diseases. Even nowadays, treatment of seborrhea is complex and relevant.
The question is, since the disease has surprising resistance to
therapy. Therefore, only literate can cure seborrhea.
specialist. We will tell only about the general directions in treatment.
seborrhea. Usually the treatment is complex in nature.
yourself several directions:
- Local treatment.
- Systemic drug use: application
antifungal, hormonal therapy and antibiotics. - Restorative drugs: immunomodulators and vitamin
complexes; - Physiotherapy treatment.
With the defeat of the scalp using shampoos containing zinc,
tar and ketoconazole. Shampoos are applied twice a week until
cessation of symptoms of seborrhea. Then these drugs are used in
as prophylactic agents to avoid relapses.
The mild form of seborrhea responds well to treatment. When appearing
skin rashes use creams, ointments or antifungal
drugs that are used 1-2 times a week for
of the month.
In the oily form of seborrhea and severe disease, foci
lesions are manifested by inflammation of the skin and a dense keratotic layer,
which is formed of layered scales. Before as
use antifungal drugs need to hold
exfoliation of the skin to remove scales. For this use
tar-based exfoliating agents, or salicylic-based
acids, or soften the upper stratum corneum with oils and
ketaconazole shampoo.
If symptoms are resistant to therapy, hormonal
ointment for local use. And in severe cases to
topical add antifungal ingestion
drugs: ketoconazole, terbinafine, fluconazole, isotretinoin.
As well as the use of local glucocorticosteroids.
In the complex treatment include immunomodulators, vitamin
complexes, sedatives, antihistamines.
Very effective anti-dandruff shampoos based on zinc and
ketoconazole (Friederm-zinc, Keto Plus). These shampoos have
fungicidal action on the yeast Pityrosporum ovale,
which is the cause of dandruff. Based on good
the famous ketoconazole created shampoo and cream nizoral, which
has a good antifungal effect. Shampoo and cream Nizoral
normalizes the sebaceous glands, eliminates itching, reduces peeling
and redness of the skin.
Reception is recommended as a general tonic.
vitamin and mineral complexes with zinc, copper and sulfur, and
also with beer yeast.
Physiotherapeutic treatment of seborrhea enhance drug
effect and normalizes the sebaceous glands. By specialists
The following physiotherapeutic procedures are recommended:
- Darsonvalization. The essence of the procedure is to apply
high frequency pulsed electric current which improves
skin tone, increases blood circulation and lymph circulation, affects
on the peripheral nervous system. - Cryomassage. Under the influence of a cold spring taper
vessels, eliminates inflammation, normalizes the work of sebaceous
glands. - Laser puncture This is a new method, which is still hardly applicable, but
has great potential. The essence of the procedure is
low energy laser radiation
biologically active (acupuncture) points. - Electroporation. The method of exposure to the skin simulated
electropulse current through the pores in the lipid membrane. - Magnetotherapy. The method is to use low-frequency
variable magnetic field.
Also do not forget about the diet. People with seborrhea can eat
All, but you should avoid sweet, fatty, spicy and spicy dishes. On
treatment time should be abandoned flour and canned
products.
Prediction and prevention of the disease
The prognosis is favorable. Seborrhea prophylaxis
consists in the following activities:
- personal hygiene;
- use of special antimycotic agents for skin
(shampoos, creams, lotions); - UV radiation favorably affects the skin affected
seborrhea. But this does not mean that you can be uncontrollably located on
the sun. You can reduce the manifestation of seborrhea, but add yourself to others
problems with ultraviolet. - use vitamin complexes regularly, especially with
vitamin A; - regular visits to the doctor in order to prevent complete
chronic disease; - active sports and regular outdoor activities
the air.
